Immigration history

This is the one where the honest answer is that I do not know.

What the question means

Whether a previous visa refusal, an overstay somewhere else, or little or no travel history affects an Italian student visa application.

What I can tell you

• A refusal is a reasoned, motivated decision, communicated in a language you understand, and the letter states its reasons (Ministry of Foreign Affairs). So a past refusal is a documented event, not a rumour, and you should be holding the letter.
• Visa forms ask you to declare your history. Declaring it accurately is a document authenticity question (V18), and a false declaration is a far worse problem than whatever you would be declaring.

What I do not know, and will not guess

• How much weight a past refusal carries, from Italy or from anywhere else
• Whether a refusal by one Schengen state follows you to another, or for how long
• Whether a passport with no previous travel counts against a student at all
• Whether an old overstay is treated differently from a recent one

I found no published Italian guidance on any of this. Anyone who gives you a number, a waiting period or a ratio for it is guessing, and this topic attracts more confident unsourced advice in Bangladesh than almost any other.

What to do if this is your situation

Get the actual refusal letter and read the stated reason, because the reason matters far more than the fact of it. Declare everything the form asks for. Then take it to someone qualified. This is the clearest case in the whole guide for paying for proper legal advice rather than relying on a guide, an agency, or me.